Magnetar-binary weather in hyperactive repeating fast radio bursts: A time-dependent plasma-environment model for RM flares, polarization stability, and extreme repetition
重复快速射电暴的磁星-双星天气:旋转测量耀斑、偏振稳定与极端重复率的时变等离子体环境模型
We present a time-dependent magnetar-binary weather framework for hyperactive repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs). The burst engine is treated phenomenologically as a magnetar, while a companion-supplied magnetized plasma environment regulates Faraday rotation, polarization transport, transparency, visibility, and apparent activity. We distinguish orbital climate, the deterministic phase-connected contribution of a wind, disk, or shocked sheath, from weather, the stochastic contribution of sectors, filaments, streamers, and eruptive magnetized structures. We test three nested models: M0, a smooth or isolated local environment; M1, deterministic binary climate; and M2, climate plus localized weather. The comparison uses a joint multi-observable likelihood for rotation measure (RM), dispersion measure (DM), linear and circular polarization, width, bandwidth, activity diagnostics or exposure-corrected rates where available, and transparency constraints, with model preferences summarized using the Bayesian information criterion (BIC). FRB 20220529 provides the strongest eruptive-weather test: its RM reached <mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1977</mml:mn><mml:mo>±</mml:mo><mml:mn>84</mml:mn><mml:mspace></mml:mspace><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>r</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mi>a</mml:mi><mml:mi>d</mml:mi><mml:mspace></mml:mspace><mml:msup><mml:mi>m</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math> and recovered in about two weeks, with M2 favored over M1 by <mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle><mml:mi>∆</mml:mi></mml:mstyle><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>B</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mi>I</mml:mi><mml:mi>C</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>596.8</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>. FRB 20240114A is best described as a slow structured-sector crossing, with M2 favored by <mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mstyle><mml:mi>∆</mml:mi></mml:mstyle><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>B</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mi>I</mml:mi><mml:mi>C</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>138.3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>; its detected counts are retained only as catalog activity diagnostics because complete observing-window metadata are unavailable. FRB 20201124A is climate-compatible but not weather-required in the daily products; the reported 26.24 ± 0.02 day RM periodicity provides independent support for an orbital-climate interpretation. For FRB 20220529, the weak DM response gives a conservative lower limit of order 0.8 mG on the coherent line-of-sight field. The framework unifies RM drift, RM flares, and RM periodicity as dynamical limits of a binary-controlled plasma environment.
展开 ▾首次将双星等离子体环境分解为确定性“气候”与随机“天气”,并用嵌套模型与贝叶斯证据量化二者贡献;对FRB 20220529的RM暴给出≥0.8 mG的相干磁场下限。
该工作接续磁星作为重复FRB中心引擎的共识,创新性地引入双星伴星供应的磁化等离子体,统一描述RM漂移、周期性与耀斑。相较于以往侧重孤立磁星或超新星遗迹的模型,本文利用多窗口偏振和活动性数据构建了更完整的时变框架。未来高时间分辨率的偏振监测有望直接刻画双星轨道相的等离子体结构,进一步提升模型检验能力。
刊出 2026-07-05 · 收录 2026-07-22