ler: LVK (LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration) event (compact-binary mergers) rate calculator and simulator
ler:LVK(LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA 合作组)致密双星并合事件速率计算器与模拟器
ler is a Python package for simulating compact-binary gravitational-wave populations and estimating detectable event rates for current and future LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA detector networks. The package provides a unified framework for unlensed and strongly lensed binary black hole, binary neutron star, and neutron star-black hole mergers. It samples source and lens populations, evaluates detector selection effects, solves lens equations for strongly lensed systems, and computes image properties such as magnifications and time delays. The framework supports multiple source-population and lens models, including SIS, SIE, and EPL plus external shear, and allows users to replace default distributions and detection criteria through modular interfaces. Computational efficiency is obtained through vectorized sampling, inverse-transform and importance-sampling strategies, multiprocessing, and just-in-time compiled routines. ler is designed for large-scale Monte Carlo studies in which rates and selected populations must be evaluated repeatedly, including forecasts for observing runs, studies of lensing candidate validation, and selection-function calculations for population inference. The package is distributed with documentation (https://ler.hemantaph.com/), validation examples, and reproducible workflows.
展开 ▾首次将源群体、透镜模型、图像属性和探测器选择整合进单一可配置流程;Numba 与并行化带来相对未优化基线约 180 倍(未透镜)和 5189 倍(透镜)加速。
既往强透镜引力波群体研究常依赖与特定透镜模型或探测标准紧密耦合的管道(Haris+ 2018;Wierda+ 2021),而 Bilby(Ashton+ 2019)与 lenstronomy(Birrer+ 2021)分别面向参数推断和透镜图像生成,缺乏端到端的联合群体模拟。ler 将源群体、强透镜截面、图像属性与探测器选择统一起来,并已用于透镜候选验证(Janquart+ 2023)、未来亚阈值透镜事件预测(Ng+ 2025)以及多信使/GRB 强透镜应用(More & Phurailatpam 2025)。随着未来探测器网络灵敏度提升和观测样本扩大,这类高吞吐、模块化模拟器有望进一步与层次贝叶斯选择函数和电磁对应体模拟耦合,推动强透镜事件从候选发现走向统计约束与宇宙学应用。
预印本 2024-07-10 · 刊出 2026-08-16 · 收录 2026-09-02