Gravitational Waves from Strongly Magnetized Eccentric Neutron Star Binaries
强磁化偏心中子星双星的引力波
We explore the dynamics of neutron star binaries that approach their final inspiral stages with residual eccentricity and strong magnetic fields, features that can arise in systems formed through dynamical capture of relatively young neutron stars. Our analysis focuses on identifying magnetic field imprints on the gravitational-wave signal arising from two mechanisms: magnetic interaction between the neutron stars and electromagnetic radiation from the system's effective dipole. Using a perturbative approach, we obtain the associated gravitational-wave energy-loss rate and phase evolution, and quantify detectability through cumulative dephasing, horizon distances, and Fisher-matrix analyses. While magnetic effects are intrinsically small, entering at 2 post-Newtonian order, their cumulative influence over extended inspirals will become distinguishable in future detectors owing to enhanced low-frequency sensitivity. For binaries with comparable magnetic fields, we show that 10<SUP>14</SUP> G systems will be detectable up to ∼10 Mpc with DECIGO and the Einstein Telescope, while 10<SUP>15</SUP> G fields will be discernible out to several hundred megaparsecs. For extreme fields of 10<SUP>16</SUP> G, third-generation detectors could probe out to gigaparsec scales. These findings suggest that magnetic effects in compact binaries can indeed become observable with next-generation detectors, offering a potential probe of magnetar-level fields and binary formation pathways.
展开 ▾磁效应虽只在2PN阶进入且本征较小,但未来探测器低频谱灵敏度使长旋近中的累积退相可区分;10^14–10^16 G 系统可分别被 ET/DECIGO 探测至约10 Mpc、数百 Mpc 至 Gpc 尺度,提供磁星级磁场与形成通道的引力波探针。
该工作在动态俘获形成的中子星双星框架下,把残余偏心率和强磁场同时纳入旋近引力波建模,补充了以往偏重准圆、无磁或弱磁双星的分析。作者用微扰方法分离磁相互作用和有效偶极电磁辐射两种机制,给出等效 2PN 能量损失率和相位演化,并借助累积退相、视界距离和 Fisher 矩阵量化可探测性。结果表明,尽管磁效应在本征意义上较小,未来探测器增强的低频谱灵敏度会使长旋近中的累积效应变得可区分,10^14 G 系统可由 DECIGO/爱因斯坦望远镜探测至约 10 Mpc,10^15 G 至数百 Mpc,10^16 G 可至 Gpc 尺度。这一趋势意味着引力波有望成为约束磁星级磁场强度、区分双星形成通道的独立探针。后续方向可能包括更高阶轨道-磁耦合、偏心率-自旋联合效应以及电磁与引力波多信使协同约束。
接收 2026-06-28 · 刊出 2026-08-03 · 收录 2026-08-20