Origin of quasi-periodic oscillations and accretion process in X-ray binaries around quantum Lee-Wick black hole
量子 Lee-Wick 黑洞周围 X 射线双星准周期振荡起源与吸积过程
In this study, we investigate the accretion dynamics and test particle motion around a non-rotating, spherically symmetric Lee-Wick black hole (BH) to reveal how the model parameters affect orbital stability and the quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) observed in X-ray binary systems. In this work, we deliberately explore parameter values both within the admissible region defined by <inline-formula> <tex-math>$ S_2 \gt 0 $</tex-math> </inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$ -2\sqrt{S_2} \lt S_1 \lt 2\sqrt{S_2} $</tex-math> </inline-formula> and beyond this constraint to investigate the effect of Lee-Wick gravity. The spacetime geometry, characterized by the BH mass and the coupling parameters <inline-formula> <tex-math>$ S_1 $</tex-math> </inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$ S_2 $</tex-math> </inline-formula>, includes exponential and oscillatory corrections arising from the Lee-Wick terms. Using the effective potential approach, we derive specific energy, angular momentum, epicyclic frequencies, and the locations of the innermost stable circular orbits (ISCOs) of test particles. In addition to the analytical analysis, we explore the effects of the Lee-Wick spacetime parameters on the shock-cone morphology produced by Bondi-Hoyle-Lyttleton (BHL) accretion. To this end, we perform general relativistic hydrodynamic simulations in two characteristic regimes: Block-1 (weak Lee-Wick regime) and Block-2 (strong Lee-Wick regime). The results show that Block-1 solutions closely resemble the Schwarzschild case, while Block-2 models develop denser and asymmetric shock cones accompanied by stronger QPO activity, shifting from low-frequency to high-frequency QPOs. These variations yield distinct observational signatures that may be detectable in high-resolution X-ray timing data. Our analytical and numerical findings demonstrate that the Lee-Wick parameters <inline-formula> <tex-math>$ S_1 $</tex-math> </inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$ S_2 $</tex-math> </inline-formula> cause measurable changes in the morphology of the accretion flow and in the frequency ratios near the BH. This suggests that future multi-wavelength observations could provide an important avenue to test higher-derivative gravity theories.
展开 ▾首次将 Lee-Wick 高阶导数引力参数与 BHL 激波锥形态及 QPO 从低频到高频的转变联系起来,数值得到的 3:2、2:1 共振比与 GRO J1655-40、XTE J1550-564、GRS 1915+105 等观测吻合。
Lee-Wick 引力利用复共轭极点保持幺正,Bambi+ 2017 构造了相应规则黑洞度规,后续 Burzillà+ 2023、Batic+ 2024 对视界结构、准正则模和热力学开展了分析。本文承接 Donmez+ 2024 的 BHL 激波锥数值框架,将该度规放入广义相对论流体模拟,把有效势、ISCO、外流振荡与 PSD 相结合,系统研究 S1、S2 对吸积形态和 QPO 的影响。结果表明弱 Lee-Wick 区接近 Schwarzschild,而强振荡区产生宽非对称激波锥和弓形激波,QPO 从低频向高频转变,并自然出现 3:2、2:1 等共振比,呼应 Kluzniak+ 2005、Remillard+ 2006 所讨论的观测特征。随着 eXTP、STROBE-X、Athena 等高时间分辨率任务 Zhang+ 2025、Froning+ 2024 的推进,这类参数依赖的时序特征有望为高阶导数量子引力提供可检验的观测通道。
刊出 2026-04-29 · 收录 2026-09-12